The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.